Background: The goals of the study are evaluation the effects of food deprivation and ISOLATION SITUATION as a social stress on fertility, and in the following, investigation of the improving effect of melatonin as an antioxidant component.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, We investigated histopathological and serological effects of melatonin and social stress (food deprivation and ISOLATION) on different features of sperm and testicular tissue among 42 male rats in 7 groups including control, sham, melatonin received (M), food deprivation (FD), Food deprivation and melatonin treatment (FDM), Food deprivation and ISOLATION SITUATION (FDi), and Food deprivation and melatonin treatment and ISOLATION SITUATION (FDMi) groups. Epididymal sperms of all rats were also counted. Histopathological evaluation of the testes was done under a light microscopy to determine the number of spermiogenic cells. Serological evaluation of testosterone, corticosterone, and melatonin was performed, as well. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used, and the value of p≤0.05 was considered statistically significance.Results: The result showed that food deprivation increased the number of abnormal, immotile, and dead sperms, while decreased the number of normal sperms (p<0.05). ISOLATION could improve sperm motility and viability, while enhanced the number of spermatogenic cells. Melatonin had a protective effect on sperm count, motility, and viability, while reduced sperm abnormality.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that melatonin treatment and ISOLATION SITUATION improve the parameters related to epididymal sperms and spermatogenic cells after food deprivation.

Training specialized human resource, their employment and using their proficiency, are the main concern of higher educational system. But sometimes there is not balance between the number of alumnus and their suitable job or alumnus aren’ t trained as it should be. so, it’ s universities’ duty to follow up and explore their educational adequacy and quality. This article assessed the SITUATION of alumnus of Linguistics educational group of Ferdowsi university of Mashhad during a decade (2007-2017). For the first step, employed alumnus was detected, then for telephone interview, 30 persons were selected among them by accident. In addition, a researcher made questionnaire was used to survey the professors of Linguistics department of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Based on the results 83 percent of alumnus had job. This result put Linguistics educational group in a good SITUATION among other fields of study. Most of the people had chosen their major consciously. There wasn’ t a meaningful difference between sex of participants and the amount of employment. Relation between job and field of study was 80 percent, but relation between subjects of theses and employment was 33 and just 53 percent of participants declared that their jobs are in accordance with the content of their subjects. Results of professors’ questionnaire showed that they are not pleasant with the current SITUATION and believe that it is necessary to have some changes in taking students. Organizing students’ theses in more practical issues, is so essential too.

PrécisThis debate article highlights the challenges of health SITUATION in Iran and some influencing or relevant factors such as health sector, welfare system and social protection, social exclusion and civil society from the viewpoint of an international partner. Some advanced experiences in Iranian health system and the manner of system for international cooperation have also been discussed.

The changes in age and sex structure of population as an independent and primary factor- irrespective of other influencing factors- creates imbalance in marital SITUATION of the society. Based on population changes in recent decades in Iran, especially in the period of 1976-1986, there has been a remarkable change in the age and sex structure of population. These structural changes of the population in Iran had different economic, social and cultural impacts in different time periods causing many types of economic and social hindrances in the society. As a consequence, presently we have to deal with over supply of labor and as the result a high rate of unemployment .Other expected impacts in the near future will be imbalance among girls and boys in the marital age groups. This imbalance will result in the increased number of single girls. The aim of this article is to study the issue in the three decades (1956-1986) and to discuss the relationship between changes of population age and sex structure and marital SITUATION in Iran. Also, quantitative impacts of such changes on the future decade will be presented